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The Kreutzer Sonata by Leo Tolstoy
The Kreutzer Sonata by Leo Tolstoy










The Kreutzer Sonata by Leo Tolstoy

Near the end, Beethoven brings back part of the opening Adagio, before closing the movement in an anguished coda. Here, the piano part matches the violin's in terms of difficulty.

The Kreutzer Sonata by Leo Tolstoy

The piano enters, and the harmony begins to turn darker towards the minor key, until the main body of the movement - an angry A-minor Presto- begins. The sonata opens with a slow 18-bar introduction, of which only the first four bars of the solo violin are in the A-Major-key. Adagio sostenuto – Presto (A major – A minor, sonata form, about 15 minutes in length).Enraged, Beethoven removed the dedication of the piece, dedicating it instead to Rodolphe Kreutzer, who was considered the finest violinist of the day. Bridgetower sight-read the sonata he had never seen the work before, and there had been no time for any rehearsal.Īfter the premiere performance, Beethoven and Bridgetower fell out: while the two were drinking, Bridgetower apparently insulted the morals of a woman whom Beethoven cherished. Shortly after completion the work was premiered by Bridgetower and Beethoven on at the Augarten Theatre at a concert that started at the unusually early hour of 8:00 am. The sonata was originally dedicated to the violinist George Bridgetower (1778–1860) as "Sonata mulattica composta per il mulatto Brischdauer, gran pazzo e compositore mulattico" (Mulatto Sonata composed for the mulatto Brischdauer, great madman mulatto composer). Although the work is usually titled as being in A major, the Austrian composer and music theoretician Gerhard Präsent has published articles indicating that the main key is in fact A minor. īeethoven gave no key designation to the work. The final movement of the work was originally written for another, earlier, sonata for violin and piano by Beethoven, the Sonata No. In the composer's 1803 sketchbook, the work was titled "Sonata per il Pianoforte ed uno violino obligato in uno stile molto concertante come d’un concerto" (" Sonata for the piano and one obligatory violin in a highly concertante style like a concerto"). It is commonly known as the Kreutzer Sonata ( German: Kreutzer-Sonate) after the violinist Rodolphe Kreutzer, to whom it was ultimately dedicated, but who thoroughly disliked the piece and refused to play it. 47 in A major, by Ludwig van Beethoven, is an 1803 sonata for piano and violin notable for its technical difficulty, unusual length (around 40 minutes), and emotional scope. Title page of an original edition of the Kreutzer Sonata












The Kreutzer Sonata by Leo Tolstoy